), Other Pentecostal (Historically Black Protestant Trad. Chicago literature finds its roots in the city's tradition of lucid, direct journalism, lending to a strong tradition of social realism. [176], According to a 2014 study by the Pew Research Center, Christianity is the most prevalently practiced religion in Chicago (71%),[178] with the city being the fourth-most religious metropolis in the United States after Dallas, Atlanta and Houston. His accomplishments included improvements to parks and creating incentives for sustainable development, as well as closing Meigs Field in the middle of the night and destroying the runways. By the time of the official census count in 1990, it was overtaken by Los Angeles as the United States' second largest city. Richard Giraldi of the Chicago Sun-Times remarked on the significance of the label and wrote, "As important as Chess Records was to blues and soul music, Chicago's Wax Trax imprint was just as significant to the punk rock, new wave and industrial genres."[331]. frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe by metro area, Learn More: frequency of feeling wonder about the universe, At least once a week, Once or twice a month, Several times a year, Seldom/never, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who say they look tomost for guidance on right and wrong, Compare: The department also reported 762 murders in Chicago for the year 2016, a total that marked a 62.79% increase in homicides from 2015. Judaism has at least 261,000 adherents which is 3% of the population, making it the second largest religion. Chicago's homicide tally remained low during 2005 (449), 2006 (452), and 2007 (435) but rose to 510 in 2008, breaking 500 for the first time since 2003. [21] After the Great Chicago Fire, many Swedish carpenters helped to rebuild the city, which led to the saying "the Swedes built Chicago. As the former Yugoslavia continued to find its identity as a nation over the last century, the people of Bosnia and Herzegovina sought stability and new beginnings in the city of Chicago many intending to return to their homeland. The central element of the Port District, Calumet Harbor, is maintained by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. They have won three World Series titles (1906, 1917, 2005) and six American League pennants, including the first in 1901. The racial makeup of the city in 2010 was 45.3% white and within that 45.3%, 12.9% identify as having Hispanic ancestry (31.7% non-Hispanic white ), 32% black, 5% Asian, and 3% from two or more races. The Bah' temple is in Wilmette, Illinois. [citation needed], The Chicago Marathon has been held each year since 1977 except for 1987, when a half marathon was run in its place. U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Chicago city, Illinois Since 1968, the Joseph Jefferson Awards are given annually to acknowledge excellence in theater in the Chicago area. [326][327], Chicago has also been the setting of a number of television shows, including the situation comedies Perfect Strangers and its spinoff Family Matters, Married with Children, Punky Brewster, Kenan & Kel, Still Standing, The League, The Bob Newhart Show, and Shake It Up. The American Medical Association, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education, American Osteopathic Association, American Dental Association, Academy of General Dentistry, Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, American Association of Nurse Anesthetists, American College of Surgeons, American Society for Clinical Pathology, American College of Healthcare Executives, the American Hospital Association and Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association are all based in Chicago. [citation needed], The government of the City of Chicago is divided into executive and legislative branches. 1935: Chicago native, Jay Berwanger was the first recipient of the Heisman Trophy. The city lies within USDA plant hardiness zone 6a, transitioning to 5b in the suburbs. [145] Northeast winds from wintertime cyclones departing south of the region sometimes bring the city lake-effect snow.[146]. [127][128], A popular tourist activity is to take an architecture boat tour along the Chicago River. [279] During much of that time, the city administration found opposition mainly from a liberal "independent" faction of the Democratic Party. [215], Downtown is the center of Chicago's financial, cultural, governmental and commercial institutions and the site of Grant Park and many of the city's skyscrapers. The availability of jobs attracted African Americans from the Southern United States. [42] The Chicago Board of Trade (established 1848) listed the first-ever standardized "exchange-traded" forward contracts, which were called futures contracts.[43]. [191] Chicago was the base of commercial operations for industrialists John Crerar, John Whitfield Bunn, Richard Teller Crane, Marshall Field, John Farwell, Julius Rosenwald and many other commercial visionaries who laid the foundation for Midwestern and global industry. [256] They have won three World Series titles, including the 2016 World Series, but had the dubious honor of having the two longest droughts in American professional sports: They had not won their sport's title since 1908, and had not participated in a World Series since 1945, both records, until they beat the Cleveland Indians in the 2016 World Series. [252] In the 1980s, a modern form of poetry performance began in Chicago, the poetry slam. It includes Rush University Medical Center, ranked as the second best hospital in the Chicago metropolitan area by U.S. News & World Report for 201416, the University of Illinois Medical Center at Chicago, Jesse Brown VA Hospital, and John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook County, one of the busiest trauma centers in the nation.[357]. The tunnels filled with 250million US gallons (1,000,000m3) of water, affecting buildings throughout the district and forcing a shutdown of electrical power. [161], According to U.S. census estimates as of July2019[update], Chicago's largest racial or ethnic group is non-Hispanic White at 32.8% of the population, Blacks at 30.1% and the Hispanic population at 29.0% of the population. Chicago is the theatre capital of the U.S. birthplace of storefront theatre and improv comedy, home to long-running Broadway hits and boasting more world premieres than any other city in the country. [158], Chicago's population declined in the latter half of the 20th century, from over 3.6million in 1950 down to under 2.7million by 2010. It is home to a population of around 5.54 million individuals. The unique sounds born in Chicago continue to resonate around the world. A 2017 study by Walk Score ranked Chicago the sixth-most walkable of fifty largest cities in the United States. Chicagos 250-plus theatre companies take the stage at more than 200 theatres to perform work as varied and diverse as their audiences. By 1930 450 families of Volga German heritage were living in the Jefferson Park area, most of whom originated from Wiesenseite. (+1) 202-857-8562 | Fax The Bears play their home games at Soldier Field. [142] Midway Airport reached 109F (43C) one day prior and recorded a heat index of 125F (52C) during the 1995 heatwave. 2 city", "COMPARATIVE DEMOGRAPHIC ESTIMATES 2019 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates Chicago", "Census: Hispanics surpass blacks as Chicago's 2nd-largest racial group", CBS News: "Hispanic Population Surges In Chicago, New Census Data Shows" By Jeremy Ross, "Illinois Race and Hispanic Origin for Selected Cities and Other Places: Earliest Census to 1990", "2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171)", "Healthy Chicago databook: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual & Transgender Health", "San Francisco Metro Area Ranks Highest in LGBT Percentage", "The Metro Areas With the Largest, and Smallest, Gay Populations", "Same-sex marriage licenses could hit 10,000 in Cook County this summer", "10,000th same-sex couple issued marriage license in Cook County", "Selected Economic Characteristics: 20082012 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates: Chicago city, Illinois", "These are the cities with the most ultra-rich people", "Community Facts: First Ancestry Reported, Chicago city, Illinois", Major U.S. metropolitan areas differ in their religious profiles, "Table 6 Fifteen Largest PC(USA) Congregations Based on Membership Size, 2014", "2020 Metropolitan Chicago Jewish Population Study", "Gross Domestic Product by Metropolitan Area, 2016", "Moody's: Chicago's Economy Most Balanced in US (January 23, 2003)", London named world's top business center by MasterCard, "Washington area richest, most educated in US: report", "World's richest cities by purchasing power", "The ten largest US central business districts | Modern Cities", "JPMorgan History | The History of Our Firm", "Chicago Area Employment February 2018", "Chicago Named Nation's Top Metro Area for Corporate Relocation For the Sixth Straight Year", "Chicago's Fortune 500 headquarters are shrinking", "Why You Should Start a Company in Chicago", "Ken Griffin's Citadel ditches Chicago for Miami following crime complaints", "Ken Griffin's Citadel Move Is 'Punch in the Gut' for Chicago", "Big Companies Keep Leaving Chicago: What's Going On? In this interactive tool, national religious composition percentages are rounded to the nearest tenth (e.g., 22.8%). The city's main convention center is McCormick Place. [220] Also performing regularly at Symphony Center is the Chicago Sinfonietta, a more diverse and multicultural counterpart to the CSO. [216] [citation needed], Machine politics persisted in Chicago after the decline of similar machines in other large U.S. [342], Chicago is the largest hub in the railroad industry. As of the 2007 US Census American Community Survey the largest European ancestries were:[31]. [233], Chicago lays claim to a large number of regional specialties that reflect the city's ethnic and working-class roots. Only the WASPs hated the Irish, and the WASPs all lived on the North Shore. [192] The city is the seat of the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, the Bank's Seventh District. The mayor of Chicago is the chief executive, elected by general election for a term of four years, with no term limits. Greyhound Lines provides inter-city bus service to and from the city, and Chicago is also the hub for the Midwest network of Megabus (North America). [200], Prominent food companies based in Chicago include the world headquarters of Conagra, Ferrara Candy Company, Kraft Heinz, McDonald's, Mondelez International, Quaker Oats, and US Foods. Jackson Park offers more than 500 acres of mature parkland along the lakefront, containing flower gardens, watercourses to wooded isles, sports facilities, stocked fish ponds, 18 miles of walking and biking pathsand it's the future site of the Barack Obama Presidential Center. Chicago has a large Irish American population, with many still residing on the South Side. [350] The City of Chicago is the world headquarters for United Airlines, the world's third-largest airline. [224], In 2014[update], Chicago attracted 50.17million domestic leisure travelers, 11.09million domestic business travelers and 1.308million overseas visitors. Religion Census 2010 offers unique insights into religious populations.
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